Compound board



Cl G. ROBINSON.

yCOMPOUND BOARD.

APPLlc/mo N FILED JUNE I6, i919.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES G. ROBINSON, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 THE BEAVERCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

coMroUNn BOARD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

To all fwzfomc't may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. Roeien SON, residing at 183 Highlandavenue, Bui" falo, in the county of Erie, State oi' New York, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Compound Board; and l dohereby declare the following to be `a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to compound board, and has for its objectthe provision oi" an improved compound board.

Compound or composite board,l such as the well lrnown Wall board ofcommerce, is ordinarily made up of two or more sheets or plies ot paperstock cemented together with an adhesive, such as silicate ol= soda. Theplies of paper stock, usually about four plies, are suitably fed fromrolls into the pasting machine, where the adhesive is applied and theplies i'orced together by compression, usually by passing the plies witha layer of adhesive between' them through compression rolls. Theresulting composite board is then usually cut into panels oi'appropriate size.

rlhe paper stoclr` may be made trom Wood liber or Wood pulp, eitherground Wood pulp or cooked pulp, used alone or intermiired, or tromwaste paper or from any other suitable source of iibrous materials.Y

While the composite board may consist ot a single layer ot material ot'appropriate thiclrness, it is ordinarily built up of a plurality etlayers or plies olf material, as hereinbetore described. Generally, itis marlreted in substantially rigid sheets or panels, and is used.,generally, as a building material by nailing or taclring it directly tothe studding et a room, so that it may serre in place olf lath, andplaster as 4the center rrall ed nuora, being usually orna mented withpair er the lilre, as desired.

llllall board, "c nurnutactured, contains a certain perceu `nroistureand also has the charnctenstrc oit chai e; in its mois ture content inaccordance r th the humidity el the surwoundingm g these clr a tur butne'rertl re content are n non but l d the lumber, particularly greenlumber, gradually works through into the Wall board, causing expansionand sometimes warping and buckling. This liability of warping orbuckling of the board is the greater and more pronounced, the'less rigidis the commercial product. For this reason, it is desirable that thefinished board be as rigid as possible,and numerous expedients andinstrumentalities have heretofore been practised or suggested in thecommercial manufacture of Wall board for increasing or improving therigidity of the product.

The present invention contemplates the provision of a compound boardpossessed of rigidity in a high degree. At the same time, this increasedrigidity is secured With-` out sacriicing any of the other recognizedadvantageous properties oi commercial Wall board, such. as, for example,its lightness, its convenience of form and dimensions, its relativecheapness, etc. The invention in volves the provisionof a reinforcingmember of reticular form interposed within. the body of the compound orcomposite board. Where the board is made up'of a plurality of plies ofpaper stock, the reinforcingI member may form an intermediate ply and insuch cases is lpreterably embedded in the intermediate layer ot adhesiveadjoining the two plies oit' paper' steelt adjacent the reinforcingmember. llt desired, a plurality of intermediate plies or' reticularreinforcing members may be embodied in the composite board. l have toundinter` Woven wire, such as ordinary poultry Wire, 'well adapted as thereintorcin member lor the purposes ol the invention. ln gene "al, thereticular reinforcing member `will pret erably be ol metal, althoughother materials ca sable ol assuming1 reticular form and possessing thedesired rigidity may, ot course, be employed. ln some cases en pandedmetal, and similaireticulated metah lic structures, may be used withadvantage.

lnterwoven Wire, such as ordinary poultry Wire, is peculiarlyadvantageous tor the purposes oli the invention.. 'rt single layer orplyY olf such interwoven wire embodied in the ordinary tour-ply wallboard oli commerce imparts to the product a substantial increase in itsiplity without objectionubly increasing" i u, it or thiclrness. ln thAimuuu lacture oli the board, the :interwcr'en wire ltlll can be fed intothe pasting machine from a roll thereof just as the sheets or plies ofpaper are fed 'into the pasting machine. Ordinarily, the reinforcing plyis preferably the central ply of the composite product, and thus in thecase of the customary fourply board, the reinforcing ply of woven wireis embedded in the center of the structure with two plies of paper stockon' each side thereof. By the compression to which the plies of paperstock are subjected after being coated with lthe adhesive, the wovenwire is pressed vor forced an appreciable distance into the contactingsurfaces of the two adjacent plies of paper stock. The interwoven wireis completely covered with adhesive and is confined between two surfaceswhich ,re also covered with adhesive, and for this reason may beconsidered as embedded in the thin layer of adhesive which serves tounite or cement together the two adjacent plies of paper stock.

Paper stock, as it is ordinarily manufactured in the usual paper makingmachines, is composed of fibers which, generally speaking, extendlongitudinally in substantially one direction. This result is broughtabout by the manner in which the sheets of paper are made in theordinary paper-making machines. Thus, in the ordinary wood fiber paperstock from which the wall board of commerce is generally' manufactured,the fibers extend, for the most part, in one direction, and, on thisaccount, the paper stock is more rigid and tenacious along one axis 1nits plane than along any other axis.

When such wood fiber paper stock is built up into composite board, therelatively weak axesl of each ply or sheet of paper extend substantiallyin the same direction, so that the resulting compositeboard is lessrigid or weaker along one axis offits pla-ne than it is along any theraxis. This defect, resulting from the iatural tendency of the fibers toarrange themselves in substantially the same direction during theordinary paper-making process, may very advantageously be overcome by asimple modification of the present invention. Thus, I embody in thestructure of the composite board a reinforcing member of reticular formhaving greater rigidity along a particular axis of its plane than alongany other axis, and I arrange this reinforcing member so that itsrelatively rigid axis is approximately transverse to the relatively weakaxis of the plies of paper stock of which the board is composed. Thisresult can be secured by forming the reinforcing member of relativelyheavy parallel spaced wires joined by transverse wires of smaller gageor cross section.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated, by Way of example,what I now consider to be the best embodiments of the invention. Inthese drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a compound boardembodying the invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a `compound board reinforced, in accordance with the principlesof the invention, by an intermediate ply of interwoven wire.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, there yis illustrated a compoundboard made up of four plies or sheets of wood -fiber paper stock -5, fi,7 and 8.

Intermediate the two inner plies of paper stock 6 and 7 is a reinforcingply 9-10. This reinforcing member is of reticnlar form, that is to say,it is an open-work structure and more or less resembles a net.

The four sheets or plies of paper stock 5, 6, 7 and 8 have their fibersarranged generally along the axis a--ca As hereinbefore mentioned, thisarrangement of the fibers is the inherent result of the process by whichthe paper stock is ordinarily made. Because of this arrangement of thefibers, the. paper stock, and hence the resulting composite board, canbe more easily bent along the axis -a, than it can, for example, alongthe axis b-Z). This inequality in the rigidity of the board along allaxes is overcome, in accordance with my present invention, by making thecomponent parts er strands 9 of the reinforcing member of heavier andmore rigid material than are the component parts 10 of the reinforcingmembertI As will be seen by reference to Fig. l of the drawings, the havier strands S), which may be of wire, extend along lthe axis Z/-b,while the relatively weaker and less rigid strands 10, :which may be ofthin braided wire, extend along the axis ewa.. The braided or twistedstrands l0 are suitably secured to the more rigid strands 9 in anyappropriate manner.

In Fig. Q of the drawings, there is represented a reinforcing member 1lin the form of interwoven wire, such as the ordinary poultry wire. Thisreinforcing member is embedded in the composite board between the centerplies 6 and 7 of the four-ply structure 5, 6, 7', 8.

It will, of course, be understood that the variousplies of material inthe two modifications of the invention illustrated in Figs. l and 2 ofthe dran-'ings are suitably cemented together by an adhesive, such, forexaluple, as silicate of soda. The reinforcing member of reticular formis entirely embedded and inclosed within the composite structure and isin effect an intern'iediatc plv which is securely cemented to theadjacent plies of paper stock. A very rigid unitary structure is thusobtained, which in external appeaance does not differ from theheretofore ordinary commercial types of wall board. However, as theresult of the reinil t) fencing niemben te'tienieie teiiin eenen ineinbedied in my improved eti etnie, tine eennpeeite ei' eeniypeiindbean'd et the pieeent invention peeeeseee ygieetei ifigidity LLind isiiiettei adapted iter genei'fd use by the tinde then ztie nifty et theeiiniiei' ienne 0i eeinpeinte bezind new en the ineiitet.

it eieiiu i. its new zii'tieie @it innnlifeetinfeu t eenipeund nenni,inzide up ei? et piumiity et piiee et ibei' steen: cemented tegetiieifymid eeinented-tegetiiei plies ed? iibei' Steen: being)` niiei'entlywenken dien@ one miie et theii plaine than along; tiny etiiei' Miey undi iein 'fencing ineinbei eeeeeitited with Seid plier@ et ber steelt 'totStrengthening; the boni'd along seid inhei'entiy wenig: :wie end therebyeqnziiizing the strength et the beni-d in :iii diieetiens.

2. .de zi new ditieie eiinennteetnieD i eeinpeund been-d inside np edtinnen@ nietei'ied with the tibet@ eiitei'idinglongitudinally' insnbetetntieiiy one diieetien end having; et i'eintereing fineinben @ifietieniei. ifeiin ei? gieitei rigidity along ene miie of ite piene thaneden@ any ethei: wie theieeii, tiie ieinitem-,ing nieniinei' beingznitinged with its inei'e rigid eine Snbetentieiiy tieiiievei'ee te tiiegei'ieiei diieetien in which tile ziiteieinentiened iibei'e entend.

3., t new inttieie @if nninnifatettnfeu e eeniyiennd bee-nd innde np etai piinziiity ef piiee of iibieue mattei-ini eeinented tegetiiei eindznri'zinged with the nibeie entending)` ygeneiadiyin eine diteetien9 end2in intei'inedizite ieindenein@l ply nit ietienizn' term keyinglgi'ee-tei i? D dity eden@ e pei-timidi miie ed its ple-ne than nien@mtiny other eiie tineieeit intermediate ieinieieinggpitybeiinfgeii'nnyb'ed "with its nieie rigid etnie westen tiziliytranny/'eine tot the geneini diiieetien in niiieh the iii'eieeeid iibeieentend in fie e new zntieie @it indiniiieettnie, e eeinynennd Teeeidmede np @if at piuiraiiity ei ypiiee @it peper Steek cemented tegetheiyseid ideenid beinyji1 iniieientiy nweziiten along ene eine @it ite )ienethan nien@ nny ethei ewiziey end at i'einigei'eing; ineiniaei' einbedied"within seid beaiid end hem/ing g'i'eattei rigidity dining1 npatiti-@nim time et ite piene than iL-leaning tiny etiieiW natia-i9 Seidieiinteieiii@n ineinbei' being; eiii-iiged with ite iezitiyeiy nieterigid wie tinnetfei'ee te the iniieientiy wenn une @it the beei'd.

in teetiineny wiieieeit it sittin iny eignetni'e.,

